A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO EXPLORE COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS FOR IOT AND IIOT DEVICES

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative study of various wireless communication protocols used in the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). It analyses protocols like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Z-Wave, LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Sigfox, Thread, and 6LoWPAN, focusing on their unique use cases and trade-offs. The study aims to guide decision-making and help engineers, developers, and stakeholders make informed decisions in designing and deploying IoT and IIoT solutions. As the landscape of communication protocols evolves rapidly, this comparative study seeks to unravel the complexities of connectivity, providing insights into the strengths and limitations of each protocol. This paper also covers the wired connectivity options for the stand-alone embedded systems and an overview on minimum hardware and software requirement for the implementation of typical protocol in an IoT and IIoT system. Through a meticulous analysis, this research endeavours to contribute to the advancement of resilient and scalable communication frameworks, fostering innovation and efficiency in the ever-expanding domains of IoT and IIoT.